Steam-hammer



UNITED `STATES PATENT OFFICE.

l YTHOMAS, sUMNER, or PATERsoN, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-HAMMER.

Specication of Letters Patent No. 11,182, dated June 27, 1854.

lT all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, `THOMAS SUMNnR, of the city of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented anew and useful Improvement on `the `Steam-IIammer,of which the following i is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had tothe accompanying Vdrawings, which form part of this specication, and in which-L Figure l represents a side view of my im- `proved steam` hammer in a perpendicular position and at the extremity of its bottom stroke; Fig 2, a back elevation of the same in a similar position; and Fig. 3, (Sheet 2,) a front elevation of the hammer in an oblique position and partly raised.

`In the` accompanying drawings, the hami mer is drivenor made to perform its work on the anvil (B) bymeansof a steam engine, the cylinder (F) of which is situ i ated above, and the connection of the engine i advert to them here, it being borne in mind with the hammer made direct by piston rod (f). The valve gear for regulating the motion of the engine, `and appliances for re-` versing the action thereof and for dimin-` ishing or increasing' its stroke, according to the requirements of the work, may be the same as those in use in'other steam hammers or may be of any improved `construction and arrangement; but as such gear and appliances form no part of the subject of my present claim, it is unnecessary further to that the hammer (e) is caused to ascend and descend to perform its work on the anvil as required, the hammer block (c,) sliding or moving up and down in guides (g) which form part of a frame This :trame (D) also carries t-he engine which operates the hammer, and is hung or supported, by a hinge or joint (R), on a Xed frame or standard (D) fast to the bed plate (A) below. This hinge or joint (R) forms a center of motion for the frame (D) which carries the engine and hammer, to admit of' the engine and hammer being swung to an oblique or toward an horizontal position i tion on the anvil, so that the hammer may be swung into various radial positions with the work restingupon the center ofthe anvil to operate across or over the surface of the work, or around `it as it were, and to act alike lupon the top and corners or edgesand sides of the work for the purpose of hammering lor fashioning 1it, at ditferent points transversely, and giving it a curved, beveled or polygonal shape without involving the necessity of frequently turning the bar or piece of metal on the anvil, as` is now done with the o-rdinary steam hammer and which, where the bar or work isheavy isa slow and laborious operation. But by my arrangement of varying the` direction of the blow from the perpendicular into various oblique positions radial to the work, itlwill be obvicus that the frequentturning of the work is avoided and that one swage will serve to give the work certain shapes while with the ordinary steamhammer, having a perpendicular descentonly, several swages to give the sameshapewould be required. In order however to make my improved mode of operating4 the hammer effectual, it is `necessary that the hammer, with it-s engine and swinging frame, should be capable of being worked into its various radial positions with ease and rapidity and that it should be as steady when working in an oblique as in a perpendicular position.` To effect this I attach by lever or otherwise to the swinging hammer frame, or to a projection (It) therefrom a` counterbalance weight (O), which, whatever the oblique position of the hammer, swinging frame and engine, balances them so that the hammer may be swung about across or over the work in the manner and for the purposes described, rapidly and with ease, and the hammer be made to operate steadily and without involving strainage when occupying an oblique position. The swing of the hammer and the set of it in any desired radial position may be eiiected by a hand lever (P) connected by rods with the counterbalance weight (O) attached to or connected with the swinging frame (D) as specied. Thus the greatest convenience is afforded for working metal on the anvil, and, in addition to the time and labor saved by my specified swinging arrangement of the hammer, work may be finished at one heat, which with the ordinary hammer requires several, also frequent stoppage of the hammer, changing of swages, &c., and by my arrangement a taper or curved form ipay be given to the work as readily as a I am aware that machine or friction hammers for straightening metal barshave been constructed so that the descending hammer has been made capable of direction to strike the bar on the anvil at various pointsv throughout its length, and at different angles, in such a manner that the hammer,

when directed to descend vertically, strikes Vaccomplished by working the hammer in guides suspended from a rock shaft above or over the anvil, with a lever for directing the said guides so as to give the hammer either the said vertical or oblique descent as required, but such oblique action or diversion of the blo-w from that portion of the bar resting on the center of the anvil is totally vinapplicable to the work` for which my improvedv hammer is designed, Aand therefore such method of operation, or merely varying the direction of the blow, and employing for that purpose a hinged or rocking guide frame for the hammer to descend in, with lever to direct the descent, I do not claim; but

I do claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The arrangement herein described of the hinged guide frame which carries the hammer in relation to the anvil, by supporting the said guide frame on a trunnion below situated at the back of or on one side of the anvil and at the same level, or thereabout, as that occupied by the bar, or work, under operation on the anvil, the said hinged guide frame being furnished with a counterbalance weight to facilitate and steady its swing and relieve the swinging parts from strain when occupying an oblique position, substantially as speciied; by which arrangement the hammer may be swiveled from the vertical toward the horizontal position, on either side, into radial positions with that portion 'of thev bar or work resting on the center of the anvil for the purpose of enabling the Ahammer to be worked across or around the bar, and to operate alike on its top and corners or sides, to give it a round, taper or polygonal form in its transverse section, or otherwise work and shape it, with convenience and dispatch, and whereby the frequent handling or turning of the heavy bar orwork is avoided.

v Y i THOMAS SUMNER. Witnesses:

Trios. D.' HoKsEY, HENRY CODDINGTON. 

